The impact of corporate social responsibility on community development in Ikom Local Government Area, Cross River State
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Background of the study
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an integral part of modern business practices, influencing community development and socio-economic progress. In Ikom, CSR initiatives undertaken by private enterprises have played a significant role in improving local infrastructure, education, healthcare, and environmental sustainability. Companies increasingly view CSR not only as a means to fulfill ethical obligations but also as a strategic tool to foster goodwill and stimulate local development (Etuk, 2023). CSR programs in Ikom often include investments in community projects, capacity building, and support for local entrepreneurship. These initiatives help bridge the gap between corporate interests and community needs, contributing to socio-economic empowerment. Furthermore, CSR activities create opportunities for public-private partnerships that drive sustainable development in the region (Mbong, 2024). While the business benefits of CSR are widely recognized, its direct impact on community development is an area that warrants critical investigation. Recent studies have emphasized that effective CSR can enhance social cohesion, improve access to essential services, and contribute to long-term development goals (Obiang, 2025). This study examines the extent to which CSR initiatives contribute to community development in Ikom, highlighting both the opportunities and challenges inherent in aligning corporate actions with community welfare.
Statement of the problem
Despite the growing adoption of CSR initiatives in Ikom, there remains uncertainty regarding their effectiveness in promoting sustainable community development. While several companies have implemented CSR projects, the tangible benefits for local communities are not consistently realized (Etuk, 2023). In some cases, CSR efforts appear to be more symbolic than substantive, lacking in long-term impact and failing to address the core needs of the community. This discrepancy raises questions about the strategic planning, implementation, and evaluation of CSR programs in the region. The absence of standardized frameworks to measure CSR outcomes further complicates the assessment of its real impact on community development. Consequently, local communities may not fully benefit from corporate investments intended to enhance education, healthcare, and infrastructure (Mbong, 2024). The gap between corporate intentions and community needs necessitates a critical examination of CSR practices, with a view toward optimizing their contribution to sustainable development (Obiang, 2025).
Objectives of the study
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To evaluate the contribution of CSR initiatives to community development in Ikom.
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To identify challenges in the effective implementation of CSR programs.
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To propose strategies for enhancing the impact of CSR on local development.
Research questions
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How do CSR initiatives affect community development in Ikom?
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What challenges hinder the effective implementation of CSR projects?
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What strategies can improve the impact of CSR on local socio-economic development?
Research Hypotheses
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H1: CSR initiatives have a significant positive impact on community development in Ikom.
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H2: Implementation challenges limit the effectiveness of CSR projects.
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H3: Strategic improvements in CSR planning can enhance local development outcomes.
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it examines how corporate social responsibility initiatives contribute to community development in Ikom. The insights gained will guide businesses and policymakers in designing more effective CSR programs that align corporate practices with community needs, fostering sustainable development (Etuk, 2023; Mbong, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study
The study is limited to evaluating the impact of CSR initiatives on community development within Ikom Local Government Area. It does not cover CSR activities outside the region or unrelated corporate strategies.
Definitions of terms
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Business practices involving initiatives that benefit society and contribute to sustainable development.
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Community Development: Efforts aimed at improving the economic, social, and environmental well-being of local communities.
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Sustainable Development: Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
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